Econometric studies often use time-series data (with a longitudinal character) and bring together macroeconomic data with population level data and use statistical modelling to examine relationships between exposure (eg advertising expenditure) and outcome (eg alcohol sales). Although these econometric studies have the benefit that they do not rely heavily on self-reports of respondents, an important limitation of these studies is that they examine changes within a population and they do not specifically look at drinking behaviour in young people but report aggregate alcohol consumption. The observed effect is highly dependent on the choice of factors that are used in the statistical model [3].
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